Multiple-disk brake



E. SCHNEIDER.

MULTIPLE DISK BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I0. 1918.

l 35 1 ,006. Patented Aug. 24, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

III

E. SCHNEIDER.

MULTIPLE DISK BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. l0, 1918.

Egg'.

Patented Aug. 24, 1920 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUG-NE SCHNEIDER, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR T0 SCHNEIDER & CIE., OF PARIS,

FRANCE, A LIMITED JOINT-STOCK COMPANY OF FRANCE.

MULTIPLE-DISK BRAKE.

To all 'whom z' may concern Be it known that I, EUGNE SCHNEIDER, a citizen of the French Re ublic, and a resident of 42 Rue dAnjou, Faris, France, have invented a new and useful Improvement in or Relating to Multiple-Disk Brakes, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to brake mecha-` v series were similarly connected at their outerperipheries. Thus, the former series of disks have been connected to a shaft or a sleeve thereon, so as to rotate therewith, by projections on the disks entering grooves in the shaft or sleeve, and the latter series of disks have been similarly connected to an exterior drum by projections on the disks entering corresponding grooves inthe drum. The disks have been pressed together in any suitable manner as by the action of the load on a pinion on said shaft and the action of the motor on a wheel the nave of which has helicoidal faces engaging like faces on a `sleeve sliding on said shaft and contacting said disks. In these structures, the drum has been held, while the load descends, by a suitable pawl and ratchet mechanism.

Whatevermay be the details ofconstruction of this kind of brake, it has always ineluded a drum which turned, at least during the raising of the load, and which inclosed the whole system of disks.V The metallic mud produced by the wear of the disks,

i owing to their rubbing against each other, collected in the lubricating oil bath conrtained in the lower part of the drum, and

f since the turning of the drum stirred up this mud, the wear of the disks by the metallic particles suspended in the oil has-been much aggrawated.l Moreover,the disks could not be inspected while the brake was in use, or

Specification of Letters Patent.

handled without completely dismounting the parts. Y

The present invention avoids these drawbacks. To this end, one set of disks is rendered independent of the drum by connecting them directly with each other by interlocking projections so that there may be substituted for the rotary drum a casing which is normally stationary. The mud, which can thus settle readily in the casing mayl be withdrawn easily through a cleans-` ing cock preferably provided at the lowest part of an inclined bottom in the casing. The casing is also preferably made in two Patented Aug. 24, 1920. Application led September 10, 1918. Serial No. 253,458. i

partsl fitting together in a horizontal plane so that the upper part can be removed for inspection of the disks even while the brake is at work.

The invention is capable of receiving a variety of mechanical expressions, one of which is shown on the accompanying drawings, but it is to be expressly understood that the drawings are for purpose of illustration only, and are not to be construed as a delinition of the limits of the invention, reference being made to the appended claims for that purpose. Said drawings illustrate the invention embodied in a brake mechanism in which pressure is applied by both a screwv and springs, a safety release being also provided in case the motorshould refuse to operate for the descent ofthe load.

Figure l is an axial section through the brake. 'then upper half of the casing being shownin elevation;

Fig. 2 is half a cross section on line II- II of Fig. l; and

Fig". 3 shows a developed periphery of the disks.

vAs with brakes heretofore in use, the new brake comprises two series of disks A, B. The construction illustrated is of a wellknown type of brake and comprises a reversible screw on the shaft, with respect to which the sleeve M is displaceable, and resilient means, as Belleville washers, which constantly tend to pressthe disks B on the disks A and thereby, by the friction developed between said disks, through the application of the braking yresistance to the shaft C, oppose the motor running away when without load. The disks A are made in the usual manner and suitably engaged with the shaft C or the sleeve M, as by projections a which enter a longitudinal groove c in the shaftor sleeve.

According to this invention, the disks B, which alternate with the disks A and are free on the shaft C, are connected together as follws:-

Each disk B has projecting from the outer periphery of one or both of its faces subjected to friction, teeth or projections B', which may be made by cutting away portions of a cylindrical flange on the disk. Between these teeth are spaces B2 of a length which may vary but which is at least equal to that of a tooth. The teeth B of each disk B engage in the spaces B2 of two neighboring disks, thus locking0 these disks together at their lateral faces but outside the outer periphery of the disks A. lIt is preferable that the periphery of the disks A should not be completely covered by the teeth of disks B; accordingly, as here shown, the spaces B2 are made longer than the teeth B. This is done for the purpose of facilitating lubrication by means of the ducts I which receive and deliver lubricant through the spaces between the teeth.

The disks B being thus interlocked, the friction to which they give rise atk their faces during the descentA of the load is balanced by any suitable device as by a toothed ring or, as here shown, a coupling with helicoidal inclines locking in its revolution and a conical coupling. A sleeve J, mounted free on the shaft C, is provided with lateral peripheral teeth J which interlock with the corresponding teeth on the last disk B in a manner similar to that in which the disks B are interlocked. This sleeve has helicoidal inclines y' coacting with corresponding inclines 7c carried by a sleeve K the outer periphery k1 of which is coned to the same conicity as that of the inner surface D of the casing D. This holding device, however, may be applied to any of the disks B instead of to the last of the series.

A load being suitably connected with a pinion (not shown) on the right-hand end of the shaft C, and said pinion rotating anti-clockwise'when looking from right to left in Fig. l, suppose the motor to be stopped. The ldisks A and B are pressed together under `the influence of the weight of the load and by the effect of the helicoidal -inclines j j, la, and this pressure increases until the friction developed is. sufficient to balance the load, which is thus suspended without exerting any force on the motor pinion F, because the reaction is taken up by the conical surfaces k1, D1.

If it is desired to lower the load, it is only necessary to exert on the motor pinion F, in an anti-clockwise direction, a force sufficient to overcome the friction between the disks A and B. Thereupon, the disks A, B, are freed, owing to the decrease in friction therebetween, and the load drives lthe shaft C and effects descent as long as a sufficient force is exerted on the pinion F. i

If it is desired to raise the load, the motor pinion F is rotated in a clockwise direction, looking from right to left in Fig. l. Thus a tendency is created to press the disks A and B together by screwing the sleeve M on the screw formed at the end of theshaft C, but the helicoidal inclines j, c, are now freed as well as the conical surfaces cl, D1, and the pinion F, shaft C and disks A, B, turn as if they were a unit.

The form of the interlocking teeth i may be modified without departing from. the invention; thus they may be made unsymmetrical or they may project from only one side of each disk. This method of connecting the disks B is also applicable to any other construction of multiple disk brake in which the functions of the disks B and A are reversed in the sense that the disks A, which are operatively connected at their inner peripheries, are held from movement during the descent of the load.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the casing D normally held stationary, as by a band brake L, has, in accordance with the invention, a bottom surface D2 sloping toward a cleaning vent cl2. The casing D can be dismounted, and for this purpose it is divided along a horizontal axial plane so that b lifting the upper part D3 allthe disks A, can be inspected, even while the brake is in operation.

While the embodiment illustrated on the drawing has been described with considerable particularity, it-is to be understood that the invention is not to be restricted thereto, as the same is capable of receiving a variety of `mechanical expressions, some of which will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, while certain features thereof are capable of use without other features thereof. Reference is therefore to be had to the appended claims for a definition of the limits of the invention.

What is claimed is 1. In a multiple disk brake, a shaft, a series of disks operatively connected therewith, a second series of disks alternating with the disks of said first series, interlocking peripheral projections on the disks of said second series, and a relatively stationary casing for said disks separate therefrom.

2. In a multiple disk brake, a shaft, a series of disks operatively connected therewith, a second series of .disks alternating with the disks of said first series, and interlocking, peripheral, arcuate fianges on the disks of said second series.

3. In a multiple disk brake, a shaft, a series of disks operatively connected therewith, a second series of disks alternating with the disks of said first series, and interlocking projections on the peripheries of the disks of said second series, the distance between successive projections being greater than the circumferential length of such projections.

4. In a multiple disk brake, a shaft, a series of disks operatively connected therewith, a second series of disks alternating with the disks of said first series, interlocking projections on the peripheries of the disks of said second series spaced by distances greater than the circumferential length of said projections, lubricating ducts in the faces of said disks and communicating with the spaces between said projections, and a relatively-stationary casing separate from said disks and containing an oil bath therefor.

5. In a multiple disk brake, a shaft, a

'series of disks operatively connected therewith, a second series of disks alternating with the disks of said first seriesinterlock ing peripheral projections on-the disks of said second series, a relatively stationary casing separate fromsaid disks and containing an oil bath therefor, said casing having an inclined bottom, and a cleaning opening at the lower end of said incline.

6. ln a multiple disk brake, a shaft, a series of disks operatively connected therewith, a second series of disks alternating. I

with the disks of said rst series, peripheral projections on each of the disks of said second series, said projections interlocking, and a relatively stationary casing for said disks separate therefrom and containing an oil bath therefor.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

EUGENE SCHNEIDER. Witnesses: l

ANDR Mos'rIoKER, JOHN F. SIMoNs. 

